Sounds like the pump has a problem and that's what's throwing off the belt although I'm not aware these are known tobe troublesome, assuming it's the Caterham/Titan one, if it's an SBD one I have no expereience of them.
As mentioned this would empty the tank and deposit all the oil into the sump where it cannot be sucked into the internal pressure pump and so the oil pressure will fail
If the engine has run with low oil pressure the hydraulic lifters will empty and even if the oil pressure is restored they will take some time to refill, I'm guessing at several minutes, and so the tappetts will rattle horribly.
Loss of oil pressure may have caused all sorts of other problems and associated nasty noises of course.
I don't remember my pump having much resistance to hand cranking at all.
If I were you I'd repair or replace the pump, check the cam bearings, main bearing and big end bearings for signs of overheating. I assume the cam bearings may lose lubrication first as the others are at least getting splashed with the overfull contents of the sump and the cam ones are the easiest to check.
If the bearings don't look like they've got too hot maybe you could try starting the engine keeping a close eye on the oil pressure and making sure oil is being pumped back to the tank but expect the lifters to rattle until they refill.
Good luck.