There are battery chargers of many different types. 1) Standard battery charger provides a constant voltage and current. So when charging, you may see 14.2 volts or so at the battery terminals. They often have high and low settings switch, so this will set the voltage charge level, which won't change. The current level is either pre-set or adjustable by a switch. Either way, once fully charged, it continues to provide the high amps and volts that are now not needed, so if left unattended, will over time boil the battery. 2) Constant Potential (Automatic) Chargers. The constant potential charger provides a charging voltage and current that will reduce, as the internal battery voltage increases. It will start off a say 14.2 V and gradually reduce the voltage. Once the internal battery voltage and charging voltage are equal, NO CURRENT FLOWS. So although connected, nothing is happening charge wise. If there is an internal voltage change in the battery, the charger will increase the voltage and current to reach full charge, I have a CTEK that is connected to my mower when not in use 24/7. Also the Caterham has another type which has been on the battery for 10 years. I spent 23 years in the industrial battery charger business, but have been retired for 5 years and there has been many improvements/changes to chargers.